There are thousands of years’ worth of undisturbed animal bones in southern Alberta, where the foothills of the Rocky Mountains meet the Great Plains.
This area is known as Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, and was used for approximately 5,800 years.
Located south of Calgary, this incredible site is protected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and sees thousands of visitors a year.
An incredible piece of pre-contact history
Why is it so important?
The bison jump was a custom practiced by the Indigenous people of the North American plains before colonization. They drew on their understanding of bison behaviour and topography to drive the animals off a cliff, killing them, and they’d then be used for food, clothing, shelter, and tools.
The Blackfoot peoples pursued these traditional lifeways until 1877, when the signing of Treaty Seven was followed by the near-extinction of the buffalo. This was due to factors like wasteful commercial hunting by settlers, the introduction of new diseases, and government policies that relocated Indigenous people to reserves.
Welcoming visitors
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump is one of the oldest, most extensive, and best preserved buffalo jump sites in the world. It’s a remarkable glimpse of pre-contact life in North America, and is protected by UNESCO on account of its historical, archaeological, and scientific interest.
If you’re interested in seeing Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, you can visit the interpretive centre location northwest of Fort Macleod. Seven levels are built into the sandstone cliffs where visitors view exhibits about the history, culture, and significance of the area. Hiking trails are also located above and below the cliff.
Plus, there are featured events throughout the year, like guided hikes, live performances, and more.
Check out the Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump website and start planning your visit today.
Where: 275068 Secondary Highway 785, Fort MacLeod, Alberta
Cost: $15+ adult admission
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