A short documentary film that was once labeled “foreign political propaganda” in the United States is now being remembered as one of the most controversial and influential films of the Cold War era.
Far Out Magazine included If You Love This Planet among its list of controversial movies that were banned in America. The 1982 Canadian documentary short, directed by Terre Nash, focused on the dangers of nuclear war during a tense period between the United States and the Soviet Union.
The 26-minute film featured a lecture by anti-nuclear activist and physician Helen Caldicott at SUNY Plattsburgh. Throughout the documentary, Nash combined Caldicott’s warnings about nuclear weapons with disturbing black-and-white footage from Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the atomic bombings.
The film was released during the administration of former U.S. President Ronald Reagan at the height of the Cold War. Because of its anti-nuclear message, the U.S. Department of Justice ordered American distributors to register the documentary as “foreign political propaganda” under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.
Despite the controversy, If You Love This Planet won the 1983 Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Subject.
The documentary was produced by Studio D, the women’s unit of the National Film Board of Canada. According to production records, the film was made with a budget of $70,117.
Nash first became interested in the subject after hearing one of Caldicott’s lectures while studying at McGill University. She later turned the speech into her directorial debut.
The documentary was originally planned to screen at the United Nations Conference on Disarmament. It first debuted in the United Kingdom through the London Socialist Film Co-op. It also included archive footage from American military propaganda films from the 1940s and 1950s.
One section used footage from Recognition of the Japanese Zero Fighter, a 1943 U.S. Department of War film featuring Reagan before he entered politics.
According to reports, officials within the National Film Board debated for six months about whether the Reagan footage should remain in the documentary before allowing it to stay.
The controversy expanded further when the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation initially refused to air the film. The network argued that the documentary did not provide a “balanced and objective view” about nuclear weapons. After the movie won the Oscar, CBC later aired it on its news program The Journal.
The legal fight over the film continued in the United States for years.
On Jan. 13, 1983, the U.S. Department of Justice ordered American distributors of If You Love This Planet and other environmental documentaries to register as foreign agents. California State Senator Barry Keene later challenged the order in court.
In 1983, U.S. District Judge Raul Anthony Ramirez issued an injunction against the Justice Department’s ruling. The legal dispute eventually reached the Supreme Court of the United States.
In the 1987 case Meese v. Keene, the Supreme Court ruled 5-3 in favor of the Department of Justice, allowing the political propaganda label to remain.
Over the years, the documentary gained recognition as a major film of the international peace movement. It won a special prize from the World Peace Council at the Leipziger Documentary and Short Film Festival and also received recognition at the Yorkton Short Film Festival.
Today, more than four decades after its release, If You Love This Planet remains an important reminder of Cold War fears and debates surrounding nuclear weapons. What was once suppressed in the United States has become a lasting part of documentary film history.
Related: 1993 Box Office Flop, Rewritten for Iconic Actor, Is Suddenly Climbing the Charts 33 Years Later
